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Computer vision is one of the components present in Industry 4.0. With the use of specialized cameras and intelligent systems, computer vision seeks to ensure that machines can perceive, process, and react to different images captured and analyzed by intelligent systems. All of this is done with inspiration from the human brain. This is because this organ has a specific way of dealing with external information: through vision, we can process what is around us, reacting to it depending on the context. Computer vision has a similar objective, but it is directed towards machines (computers) and the optimization of processes in a specific way. With this technology, it is possible for intelligent computers to make decisions according to the amount of visual information they collect. ALSO READ: • Computer Vision: A Complete Guide to answer your questions
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Artificial vision vs. Computer vision
Artificial vision is similar to computer vision, but there is a subtle difference between the two. Computer vision focuses on understanding the different meanings of digital images after processing and analyzing them; thus, it seeks to extract as many details as possible. Artificial vision, on the other hand, does not seek a complete analysis of all the details in the image; instead, its focus is on information that can trigger a specific reaction. For example, in the case of artificial vision present in an autonomous car, artificial vision focuses on detecting obstacles to avoid them during the route. Therefore, the concept of artificial vision includes all industrial and non-industrial applications where the combination of software and hardware provides operational guidance to a device, enabling it to perform certain functions based on the capture and processing of digital images.
The presence of artificial vision in Industry 4.0
Artificial vision is part of Industry 4.0, which uses advanced technologies with intelligent systems in an integrated manner. Present in this revolutionary industry, we also have big data, the internet of things, augmented reality, machine learning, artificial intelligence, advances in the field of robotics, and computer vision. We can understand artificial vision as being within computer vision, but with a more segmented application. Computer vision seeks to train machines to perform functions using data, cameras, and algorithms. Because these systems can inspect products and monitor production processes in an analysis that reaches thousands of products or processes per minute, detecting defects and problems invisible to the ordinary eye, they easily surpass human capabilities in the same type of activity. The concept of computer vision and artificial vision is vital for modern industry, being present in a significant variety of processes, from manufacturing to automotive. The market is only growing, and it is expected that, in 2022, there will be a reach of US $48.6 billion dollars in this area.
Systems, applications, and benefits of computer vision
There are various components in computer vision, from the camera that captures the images to be inspected, to the processing machinery, which renders and communicates the results obtained. Thus, the computer vision system is divided into: • Smart cameras: the cameras contain a processor capable of analyzing the images, thereby providing the information necessary for the system to make a decision;
• Visual sensors: these are the different types of cameras and light sensors of all frequency types, as well as 2D and 3D sensors;
• Advanced vision systems: devices, such as cobots, that integrate computer vision with the systems responsible for performing specific tasks.
Applications of artificial vision
The systems present in artificial vision are very versatile, and can be applied to a wide variety of processes and industries. Here are some examples: • Electronics industry: assembly and manufacturing of connectors, soldering of integrated circuits and electronic components, code reading;
• Automotive industry: manufacturing and quality control of tires, fuses, panels, brake lines, clutch packs, and bearings;
• Healthcare area: verification and reading of packaging, needles and syringes, contact lenses, clinical exams, X-rays, glass vials;
• Packaging: labeling, print verification, content verification, fill level inspection, batch date, placement of parts;
• Logistics: hazardous materials detection, palletizers, robotic picking and packing, character recognition (serial numbers).
How computer vision works
And how does this system work in practice? There are some conditions required for its proper functioning. One of them is lighting, which must be constant and regular, so that the light changes captured by the computer vision systems refer to the inspected objects, not to changes in the light source itself. The positioning of the object is also important, as it must be placed in front of the camera (there may be photoelectric sensors that indicate if the object is positioned correctly). Next, the cameras themselves are specific to the computer vision process; thus, they can have features such as pixels capable of obtaining more precise results, as well as advanced shutters. The image processing is then done through a computer connected to the camera, or by the camera itself, if it is a smart model, capable of analyzing the image and providing the result on its own. Finally, comes the communication of the result; computer vision systems are connected to other systems, such as inventory or supply control systems.
Benefits of computer vision
Computer vision systems can be applied in process optimization, and they have several advantages and benefits, such as: • Information accuracy: increases the level of information accuracy during processes and eliminates human errors;
• Product quality: guarantees the highest possible product quality, ensuring it complies with the required specifications;
• Process monitoring: facilitates diagnosis and troubleshooting during production;
• Sustainability of operations: allows processes to occur in a way that saves resources and reduces waste;
• Process profitability: increases profits and reduces expenses;
• General safety: enhances protection and safety in hazardous environments.
Conclusion
Artificial vision is a very useful modern tool, whose application can occur in object detection, optical character recognition, or even with robots that possess artificial vision. All of this is done by interpreting digital images, facilitating and optimizing different types of processes in the industry. Its presence and evolution is yet another demonstration of how Industry 4.0 can transform the way human societies manage their production processes in today's world. Are you interested in this topic? Know that Pix Force has the right solutions to develop computer vision projects in your company. Get in touch with us!
Fabio Caraça
Fábio Caraça is the Chief Growth Officer at Pix Force. He leads Pix Force's transformation into a scalable SaaS operation, combining strategic vision, culture, and high-impact execution.
